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170.マモレ川の巨大な流木 Huge drifting wood down the Mamoré River

170.マモレ川の巨大な流木 Huge drifting wood down the Mamoré River

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Eiji Matsumoto, on October 15, 2008, said:

“Amazon logging on a commercial scale began in the river channels rather than on the floodplain. Under natural conditions, trees on river levees grow right up to the channel’s edge. The soft alluvial soils are often undercut during floods, and thus the rivers themselves ensured an annually replenished supply of useful wood in the era before commercial logging. Trees, shrubs, and everything else attached would flow by for the taking. The Portuguese name Rio Madeira, which means “wood river,” aptly reflects this phenomenon. During the nineteenth century the quantity of large trees that was brought downriver each year by the flood was sufficient to support small sawmills in Itacoatiara.” (Goulding, M. et al. “FLOODS OF FORTUNE – Ecology & Economy along the Amazon,” p.43). The Mamoré River changes its name into Madeira after the confluence of the Beni River, about 55km down the river form here. Photo: on March 19, 2007, between Guajará-Mirim (Brazil) and Guayaramerin (Bolivia).

「アマゾニアにおける商業的規模の木材産業は氾濫原よりむしろ河川の流路内で始まった。自然の状態では、自然堤防上の樹木は河川流路のすぐ縁まで生えている。自然堤防をつくっている軟弱な沖積土は増水時にしばしば削り取られる。その結果、高木も低木もそのほかそこにあったあらゆるものが一緒に流されてしまう。ポルトガル語で「木材」を意味する「マデイラ」madeiraを冠されたマデイラ川はこの現象を適切に表現している。このように、商業的伐採が行われる以前には、川自身が有用材を毎年十分に供給してくれたのである。十九世紀には、毎年の洪水で流されてくる大量の木材はアマゾン中流部、イタコアチアーラの小さな製材所にとって十分な量であった。」(M.グールディング他著、山本・松本訳:「恵みの洪水―アマゾン沿岸の生態と経済」より)。この写真のグアジャラミリンより下流約55kmで、マモレ川はベニ川と合流してマデイラ川になる。2007年3月19日撮影。

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  • Uploaded on October 15, 2008
  • © All Rights Reserved
    by Eiji Matsumoto
  • Extra information
    • Camera: PENTAX Corporation PENTAX K10D
    • Taken on 2007/03/19 09:37:08
    • Exposure: 0.002s (1/500)
    • Focal Length: 50.00mm
    • F/Stop: f/9.500
    • ISO Speed: ISO100
    • Exposure Bias: 0.00 EV
    • No flash