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岡山城

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113115 on April 8, 2008

岡山城は日本の城。所在地・岡山県岡山市。別名・烏城、金烏城。国指定の史跡。戦国時代に、備前西部から美作、備中に勢力を伸ばした宇喜多氏が本拠としたことで近世城郭の基礎が生まれ、その後小早川氏、両池田氏により整備、拡張が行われた。

岡山城は標高が十数メートルの丘が連なる小高い土地に建設された。 その丘のうち「岡山」に本丸が設けられたことで、城名そして城下町の名の元になった。なお西には「石山」があり、さらに北西には「天神山」の丘が連なり、各時代ごとに要害として使用されたようである。城の縄張は基本的には梯郭式となっており、三段の城郭配置が西側の一方だけに広がる平山城となっている。言いかえると本丸の北から東には郭の無い、非常に防備が薄い縄張である。そのため旭川の流路を変更し、天然の堀として東側の備えに利用したとされる。さらには郭の代りとして、「後園(後楽園)」が築かれたともされる。 天守は4重6階の複合式望楼型で、特に初重平面形状が歪んだ多角形をしているため、同じく歪んだ多角形平面の天守台を持つ安土城天主を模したものではないかと言われているが、羽柴秀吉による大坂城天守を模しているという説もある。その外観は黒漆塗の下見板が特徴的で、この印象から「烏城(うじょう)」と呼ばれ、隣県の「白鷺城(はくろじょう)」と呼ばれる姫路城と対比される場合もある。(同じ「烏城」で「からすじょう」と読むのは、長野県の松本城である。)元禄時代の古地図からは、5重の濠に囲まれた城郭と、南北3.5km、東西1.3kmにおよぶ城下町の姿が伺える。

Okayama-jo Castle is a castle of Japan. Location / Okayama-shi, Okayama. Another name / crow Castle, money crow Castle. A historic spot of the country appointment. Because Ukita who lengthened a power by Mimasaka, Bicchu from the Bizen western part based for the age of civil strife, the basics of castle were born in the early modern times, and maintenance, expansion were performed afterwards by Kobayakawa, both Ikeda.

In Okayama-jo Castle, meters above the sea level 10 were built by the slightly elevated land where a hill of several meters ranged. Because a main enclosure was established in "Okayama" among the hills, I became a castle name and the cause of the name of the castle town. In addition, there was "Ishiyama" in the west, and a hill of "Tenjinyama" ranged northwest, and it seems to have been used as a strong position every each times. The territory of the castle becomes bridge Kuo type basically, and it is it with an opening castle on a hill to be able to hold three steps of castle placement while Western. In other words, it is the territory where the defense is very thin without Kuo in the east from the north of the main enclosure. Therefore I change a duct of Asahikawa, and it is said to have used it for the preparation of the East as a natural moat. Besides, as a substitute of Kuo, "a backyard" (Koraku-en Garden) was built; is turned on. Because Hatsue plane shape does a crooked polygon with a composition of the sixth floor-type observation tower type in particular in four folds of castle towers, I am the same, and it is said that it is the thing which imitated Azuchi castle Lord of Heaven having the castle tower of the crooked polygon plane, but there is the opinion to imitate Osaka-jo Castle castle tower by Hideyoshi Hashiba. A clapboard of the black lacquer coat is characteristic, and the appearance is called "crow Castle" (うじょう) from this impression, and there is it when it is compared with Himeji-jo Castle called "the white heron castle" (はくろじょう) of the neighboring prefecture. (It is Matsumoto-jo Castle of Nagano to read with "からすじょう" in the same "crow castle".) I can ask the ancient map of the Genroku Era about a castle among five folds of moats and north and south 3.5km, the figure of the castle town for East-West 1.3km.

KAZE_Wave on August 31, 2011

Wonderful photo!

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Photo taken in 2 Chome Marunouchi, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama-ken 700-0823, Japan

Photo details

  • Uploaded on January 5, 2008
  • © All Rights Reserved
    by 113115
    • Camera: OLYMPUS IMAGING CORP. X550,D545Z,C480Z
    • Taken on 2006/03/26 13:19:06
    • Exposure: 0.006s (1/160)
    • Focal Length: 15.00mm
    • F/Stop: f/4.300
    • ISO Speed: ISO50
    • Exposure Bias: 0.00 EV
    • No flash

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