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To increase the detection range of the BR in the USSR carried out the work to establish the horizon radar. In 1946, the designer NI Kabanov the world's first proposed the idea of early (horizon) detection of aircraft in the short-wave band at a distance of up to 3000 kilometers. Further work was carried out research "fan", which ended in 1949. After several years of work in this direction were continued and was built model sample horizon radar, tracked with a 2500 km range missile launches from Baikonur.
To detect the start of the BR potential enemy and the issuance of this comprehensive information in 2-3 minutes in the USSR in distant radio Research Institute (NII DAR) were created over the horizon radar.
In 1970, near the city of Nikolaev (Ukraine) was a prototype model of the-horizon radar - the test node "Arc" with radar arch, which was developed under the guidance of Chief Designer of NII DAR FA Kuzmin. Node was successfully tested in determining when the start of domestic BR from areas of the Far East and the Pacific Ocean on the test site on Novaya Zemlya. Positive test results were obtained in mid-slopes and relatively quiet ionosphere. The-horizon radar, or GF radar detects intercontinental ballistic missiles in their starting torch and works on the basis of reflection of radio signals off the ionosphere, so called GF-wave radar.
The station began work on Nov. 7, 1971. Receiving antenna has a height of 135 m, 300 m wide and is equipped with 330 vibrators, measuring about 15 meters each. The transmitting antenna was 210 meters width and height - 85 meters. Stationary, in addition, includes 26 transmitters, each the size of a two-storey house, which collected Dnepropetrovsk Machine Building Plant. The station provides coverage of the airspace of China.
In today's Ukraine plans to provide additional equipment of the station, which costs about 1,5 million dollars. In this case, the station will be capable of detecting air and sea objects at a distance of 3000 km.
Later two more were built over the horizon radar of this type: in the Chernobyl area and Komsomolsk-on-Amur. These stations were supposed to produce reliable detection of group and mass launch ICBMs the United States.
Construction of the station in Chernobyl (Chernigov) on node "Arc 1" was completed in 1985 and it became part of the country's air defense system. Construction of the station near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant explains its high energy. Initially, the radar of the radar site, often called the "Chernobyl-2", working at frequencies between 3.26 and 17.54 MHz. Since the beginning of the station, it began to block the transmitter frequency and the frequency of communication, intended for aviation. Subsequently, the radar has been modified so that it became to pass these frequencies, moving your sector detection.
The station was able to detect the start of the CD "Tomahawk" with nuclear submarines in the Atlantic Ocean. When working uttered a sound like the tapping of the woodpecker.
State testing stations were launched in early 1986, but since the accident at the Chernobyl station mothballed. In 1987 it was decided to close the object.
Station in Komsomolsk-na-Amur in the node "Arc 2" after significant improvements put on combat duty June 30, 1982. Ensure coverage of the Pacific Ocean to the United States. Currently radar withdrawn from combat duty.
Due to the low efficiency dvuhskachkovoy the-horizon radar in the second half of 1980 raises the question of whether to use the site for its intended purpose "Duga-2" and in 1987 clarifies the problem node. In early 1990 a fire occurred on the site, resulting in the station ceased operation in the EWS.
When operating over the horizon radar in the north-latitude routes IDB, passing through the North Pole with the constant random disturbances in the ionosphere to find out their individual shortcomings, in particular, the radar can only detect a mass launch of an ICBM and with some restrictions. As a result, these sites have not been taken into service. The total cost for them in the order of 600 million rubles.
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Eduard Louis's conversations
Thanks, Elakramine.
Wow , cum ati reusit sa faceti pozele? La noi ultima oara , a venit propietaru baltii , cu Tucsonul lui blestemat sa ne ameninte :|
cool (прикольно) hello from Ukraine
The-horizon radar "Duga
Summary
To increase the detection range of the BR in the USSR carried out the work to establish the horizon radar. In 1946, the designer NI Kabanov the world's first proposed the idea of early (horizon) detection of aircraft in the short-wave band at a distance of up to 3000 kilometers. Further work was carried out research "fan", which ended in 1949. After several years of work in this direction were continued and was built model sample horizon radar, tracked with a 2500 km range missile launches from Baikonur.
To detect the start of the BR potential enemy and the issuance of this comprehensive information in 2-3 minutes in the USSR in distant radio Research Institute (NII DAR) were created over the horizon radar.
In 1970, near the city of Nikolaev (Ukraine) was a prototype model of the-horizon radar - the test node "Arc" with radar arch, which was developed under the guidance of Chief Designer of NII DAR FA Kuzmin. Node was successfully tested in determining when the start of domestic BR from areas of the Far East and the Pacific Ocean on the test site on Novaya Zemlya. Positive test results were obtained in mid-slopes and relatively quiet ionosphere. The-horizon radar, or GF radar detects intercontinental ballistic missiles in their starting torch and works on the basis of reflection of radio signals off the ionosphere, so called GF-wave radar.
The station began work on Nov. 7, 1971. Receiving antenna has a height of 135 m, 300 m wide and is equipped with 330 vibrators, measuring about 15 meters each. The transmitting antenna was 210 meters width and height - 85 meters. Stationary, in addition, includes 26 transmitters, each the size of a two-storey house, which collected Dnepropetrovsk Machine Building Plant. The station provides coverage of the airspace of China.
In today's Ukraine plans to provide additional equipment of the station, which costs about 1,5 million dollars. In this case, the station will be capable of detecting air and sea objects at a distance of 3000 km.
Later two more were built over the horizon radar of this type: in the Chernobyl area and Komsomolsk-on-Amur. These stations were supposed to produce reliable detection of group and mass launch ICBMs the United States.
Construction of the station in Chernobyl (Chernigov) on node "Arc 1" was completed in 1985 and it became part of the country's air defense system. Construction of the station near the Chernobyl nuclear power plant explains its high energy. Initially, the radar of the radar site, often called the "Chernobyl-2", working at frequencies between 3.26 and 17.54 MHz. Since the beginning of the station, it began to block the transmitter frequency and the frequency of communication, intended for aviation. Subsequently, the radar has been modified so that it became to pass these frequencies, moving your sector detection.
The station was able to detect the start of the CD "Tomahawk" with nuclear submarines in the Atlantic Ocean. When working uttered a sound like the tapping of the woodpecker.
State testing stations were launched in early 1986, but since the accident at the Chernobyl station mothballed. In 1987 it was decided to close the object.
Station in Komsomolsk-na-Amur in the node "Arc 2" after significant improvements put on combat duty June 30, 1982. Ensure coverage of the Pacific Ocean to the United States. Currently radar withdrawn from combat duty.
Due to the low efficiency dvuhskachkovoy the-horizon radar in the second half of 1980 raises the question of whether to use the site for its intended purpose "Duga-2" and in 1987 clarifies the problem node. In early 1990 a fire occurred on the site, resulting in the station ceased operation in the EWS.
When operating over the horizon radar in the north-latitude routes IDB, passing through the North Pole with the constant random disturbances in the ionosphere to find out their individual shortcomings, in particular, the radar can only detect a mass launch of an ICBM and with some restrictions. As a result, these sites have not been taken into service. The total cost for them in the order of 600 million rubles.
Pai cred... :))
Bragadiru - Amvic este titlul... modifica te rog ! Multumesc !
Merci, am vazut prea tarziu ca imi afisa data.
:)) Da.. aici era la vile spre Bucuresti
Dragut , batranelul AN2 :D